10
Management
4.1. Lifestyle Management
4.1.2. Dietary Approaches in Dyslipidemia
4.1.1. Primordial Prevention of Dyslipidemia:
Childhood Through Adulthood
COR LOE
Recommendation
1 A
1. In children and healthy adults, healthy dietary patterns,
regular physical activity, maintenance of a healthy weight,
healthy sleep, stress management, and avoidance of tobacco
products should be promoted and reinforced lifelong to
reduce the risk for dyslipidemia and ASCVD.
4.1.2.1. Dietary Management of LDL-C Disorders
COR LOE
Recommendation
1 B-R
1. In adults and children with or without ASCVD, a diet
emphasizing intake of fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, whole
grains, and fiber, while replacing saturated and trans-fat
with dietary monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat, is
recommended to decrease LDL-C levels and reduce ASCVD risk.
4.1.2.2. Lifestyle Management of Hypertriglyceridemia
COR LOE
Recommendations
1 A
1. In adults with fasting TG levels of 150 to 499 mg/dL
(1.7–5.6 mmol/L), a diet that is low in added sugar, refined
carbohydrates, and saturated fat, and that minimizes alcohol
(Figure 2) is beneficial to reduce TG and ASCVD risk.
1 B-NR
2. In adults with fasting TG levels of 500 to 999 mg/dL (5.7–11.3
mmol/L), a diet that is low in added sugar, refined carbohydrates,
and saturated fat, with no alcohol and individualized limitation
of total fat (Figure 2) is beneficial to reduce TG for the reduction
of ASCVD risk and risk of pancreatitis.
1 B-NR
3. In adults with fasting TG levels of ≥1000 mg/dL (11.3
mmol/L), a diet that is very low in total fat and refined
carbohydrates, with elimination of alcohol and added sugars
(Figure 2) is beneficial to reduce TG and risk for pancreatitis.
1 B-NR
4. In adults with fasting TG levels ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) or
nonfasting TG levels ≥175 mg/dL (2 mmol/L), improvement
in lifestyle factors related to overweight/obesity and CKM
syndrome, weight loss of 5% to 10%, moderate-to-vigorous
intensity physical activity of ≥150 minutes a week, and upper
and lower body resistance exercise 2 days/week (Figure 2) are
beneficial to reduce TG.
