Table 9. Outcomes Framework
1. Mortality
2. Health status
• Symptoms (pain, stiffness, fatigue, sleep disturbance, swelling )
▶ Measures: e.g., Bath AS Disease Activity Index
a
, pain scales,
Short Form-36 subscales
b
, fatigue questionnaires
▶ Surrogates: physical exam, AS Disease Activity Score
c
, acute phase reactants,
inflammation on imaging
• Mental health (depression, anxiety)
▶ Measures: e.g., Short Form-36 subscales
• Quality of life (social interaction, sexual health, body image)
▶ Measures: e.g., Short Form-36 subscales, AS Quality of Life questionnaire
d
3. Functional status
• Physical function
▶ Measures: e.g., Bath AS Functional Index
e
, Short Form-36 subscales
▶ Surrogates: range of motion, Bath AS Metrolog y Index
f
, structural damage on imaging
• Work ability
4. Serious adverse events
5. AS-related morbidities
a
basdai.com
b
http://www.rand.org/health/surveys_tools/mos/mos_core_36item.html
c
http://www.asas-group.org/clinical-instruments.php?id=01
d
https://www.carearthritis.com/tools/tools_html.anonlaunch?toolid=15&refid=/physicians.php
e
basdai.com/BASFI.php
f
http://www.arthritisdoctor.ca/basmi.php
Table 10. GRADE Scores of Quality of Evidence
a
Underlying methodology Quality Rating
Randomized trials; or double-upgraded observational studies. High
Downgraded randomized trials; or upgraded observational studies. Moderate
Double-downgraded randomized trials; or observational studies. Low
Triple-downgraded randomized trials; or downgraded
observational studies; or case series/case reports.
Very Low
a
www.guidelinedevelopment.org/handbook
