Treatment
Stage C
Nonpharmacological Interventions
Education
ÎÎPatients with HF should receive specific education to facilitate HF
self-care. (I-B)
Sodium Restriction
ÎÎSodium restriction is reasonable for patients with symptomatic HF to
reduce congestive symptoms. (IIa-C)
Sleep Disorders
ÎÎContinuous positive airway pressure can be beneficial to increase
LVEF and improve functional status in patients with HF and sleep
apnea. (IIa-B)
Activity, Exercise Prescription, and Cardiac Rehabilitation
ÎÎExercise training (or regular physical activity) is recommended as
safe and effective for patients with HF who are able to participate to
improve functional status. (I-A)
ÎÎCardiac rehabilitation can be useful in clinically stable patients with
HF to improve functional capacity, exercise duration, health-related
quality of life (HRQOL), and mortality. (IIa-B)
Pharmacological Treatment for Stage C HFr EF (see Tables 11
and 12)
ÎÎMeasures listed as Class I recommendations for patients in stages A
and B are recommended where appropriate for patients in stage C.
(I-A, I-B, and I-C as appropriate)
ÎÎGDMT as depicted in Figure 1 should be the mainstay of
pharmacological therapy for HFr EF. (I-A)
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