13
(cont'd)
Effects of Adiposopathy on CKM and Other Systems
(cont'd)
System Key Concepts
Musculoskeletal
• Osteoarthritis
• Slipped capital femoral
epiphysis (SCFE)
• Blount disease
• Degenerative joint
disease
• Increased biomechanical forces exert
pressure on multiple joints and bones.
• Chronic low-grade inflammation and
tissue hypoxia with fibrosis can lead to
reduced connective tissue strength and
impaired tissue repair.
• Pain is accentuated with disrupted
neurohormonal signaling.
• In children, the femoral growth plate is
affected causing SCFE and increased
mechanical stress on the proximal tibial
physis causing Blount's Disease
Pulmonary
• Obstructive sleep
apnea (OSA)
• Obesity hypoventilation
syndrome (OHS)
• Asthma
• Increased fat deposition in the upper
airways contributes to OSA.
• Increased fat deposition in the chest wall
impairs lung compliance and functional
residual capacity, leading to OHS.
• Chronic low-grade inflammation can
contribute to inflammation of the lower
airways.
Oncologic
• Breast
• Ovarian
• Endometrial
• Esophageal
• Gastric
• Pancreatic
• Colon
• Chronic low-grade inflammation
contributes to tumorigenesis and
angiogenesis.
• Excess circulating insulin and other
obesity-related growth factors promotes
abnormal cellular growth.
Neurologic/
ophthalmologic
• Migraines
• Idiopathic intracranial
hypertension
• Chronic low-grade inflammation and
disrupted pain signaling play a role in
migraine headaches.
• Chronic low-grade inflammation
increases cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
production.
• Increased intraabdominal and
intrathoracic pressures also contribute to
intracranial hypertension.
