7
Table 3. Outcome Measures and Endoscopic Grading Systems
(cont'd)
Metric
category
Instrument
name Description Scoring details MCID
Endoscopic
metrics
Lund-
Kennedy
endoscopic
score
Endoscopic
assessment scoring
system evaluating
the severity of
mucosal disease
and anatomical
variations in the
sinuses, including
polyps, edema,
discharge, scarring,
and crusting.
Various anatomical
sites are assessed and
assigned scores from
0 to 2, ranging from 0
involvement to severe
involvement. Total
scores range from 0 to
20, with higher scores
indicating more severe
disease.
N/A
Modified
Lund-
Kennedy
endoscopic
score
Modification
of the original
Lund-Kennedy
endoscopic score.
Excludes the
subscores of
scarring and
crusting to improve
reliability and
applicability
to nonsurgical
patients.
Measures edema,
polyps, and discharge
on the same 0 to 2 scale
as the Lund-Kennedy
score, for a possible
score of 6 on each side
and total possible score
of 12.
N/A
Olfactory
Cle
Endoscopy
Scale (OCES)
Endoscopic tool
evaluating each
olfactory cle for
discharge, polyps,
edema, crusting,
and scarring.
Scored on a scale of 0
to 2, with increasing
number indicating
greater involvement of
the olfactory cle. Total
scores range from 0 to
20, with higher scores
representing increased
disease severity.
N/A
Nasal polyp
score
Quantifies the
severity of nasal
polyps based on
their size, extent,
and characteristics
observed during
endoscopy.
Polyps are graded on
a scale from 0 (no
polyps) to 4 (large
polyps obstructing
entire inferior nasal
airway) based on size
and distribution, with
higher scores indicating
more severe disease.
N/A
a
A change of 8.9 and 12 has been defined as the MCID among patients with CRS receiving surgical
versus medical therapy, respectively, though different studies have used different cutoffs for
meaningful differences in patients with CRS.