14
Diagnosis
Table 4. Key Differential Diagnoses for Sarcoidosis within
Individual Organ Systems
Organ System
Noninfectious Differential
Diagnoses
Infectious Differential
Diagnoses
Central nervous
system
IgG4-related disease
Chronic variable immunodeficiency
Rosai-Dorfman disease
Histiocytoses
• Histiocytosis X
• Erdheim-Chester
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Rheumatoid nodules
Amyloidosis
Cholesterol granuloma
Foreign body
Drugs/toxins/heavy metals
Sarcoid-like reaction to tumor
CNS malignancies ranging from
glioblastoma to lymphoma
Bacteria
• Tuberculosis
• Brucella
Fungi
• Aspergillus
• Coccidioidomycosis
• Cryptococcosis
Parasites
• Amoeba
• Toxoplasmosis
• Schistosomiasis
• Taenia solium
• Echinococcus
• Paragonimiasis
Viruses
• Varicella zoster
• Herpes simplex
Eyes Inflammatory bowel disease
ANCA vasculitides
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease
Blau syndrome
Parinaud oculoglandular
syndrome
• Bartonella
• Francisella
Bacteria
• Tuberculosis
• Syphilis
Viruses
Cytomegalovirus
• Varicella zoster
Toxoplasmosis
Sinonasal Granulomatosis polyangiitis
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with
polyangiitis
Cholesterol granuloma
NK/T-cell lymphoma
Foreign body
Drugs/toxins
• Cocaine
• Narcotics
Bacteria
• Tuberculosis
• Atypical Mycobacteria
• Klebsiella
Rhinoscleromatis
• Syphilis
Fungi
• Aspergillus flavus
• Histoplasmosis
Parasites
• Leishmaniasis
• Rhinosporidiosis
