13
Î Patients who discontinue naltrexone treatment should be made aware
of the increased risks associated with opioid overdose, and especially
the increased risk of overdose death, if they return to illicit opioid use.
• Treatment alternatives including methadone (see p. 8–9) and buprenorphine
(see p. 10–11), as well as overdose prevention with naloxone (see p. 33) should be
discussed with any patient choosing to discontinue treatment.
Psychosocial Treatment in Conjunction with Medications for
the Treatment of OUD
Î MAJOR REVISION – Patients' psychosocial needs should be
assessed, and patients should be offered or referred to psychosocial
treatment, based on their individual needs, in conjunction with any
pharmacotherapy for the treatment of, or prevention of relapse to,
OUD.
• However, a patient's decision to decline psychosocial treatment or the absence of
available psychosocial treatment should not preclude or delay pharmacological
treatment of OUD, with appropriate medication management.
• Motivational interviewing or enhancement can be used to encourage patients
to engage in psychosocial treatment services appropriate for addressing their
individual needs.
Î Treatment planning should include collaboration with qualified
behavioral healthcare providers to determine the optimal type and
intensity of psychosocial treatment and for renegotiation of the
treatment plan for circumstances in which patients do not adhere to
recommended plans for, or referrals to, psychosocial treatment.
