Diagnosis
6
Table 3. Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause
Symptoms
Vulvar pain, burning, or itching
Vaginal dryness
Vaginal discharge
Dyspareunia
Spotting or bleeding aer intercourse
Dysuria, urinary frequency, urgency
Recurrent urinary tract infections
Signs – external genitalia
Decreased labial size
Loss of vulvar fat pads
Vulvar fissures
Receded or phimotic clitoris
Prominent urethra with mucosal eversion or prolapse
Signs – vagina
Introital narrowing
Loss of elasticity with constriction
in vaginal epithelial lining
Loss of mature squamous epithelium
Pale or erythematous appearance
Petechiae, ulcerations, or tears
Alkaline pH (>5.5)
Infection (yellow or greenish discharge)
Derived from D. J. Portman et al: Genitourinary syndrome of menopause: new
terminolog y for vulvovaginal atrophy from the International Society for the Study
of Women's Sexual Health and the North American Menopause Society. Menopause.
2014;21:1063–1068, with permission.
