Recommendation Grading Grade
Definition I
II-1 II-2 II-3 III
Randomized controlled trials
Controlled trials without randomization Cohort or case-control analytic studies
Multiple time series, dramatic uncontrolled experiments Opinions of respected authorities, descriptive epidemiology
Abbreviations ADV, adefovir; AFP, alpha fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; anti-HBc, hepatitis B core antibody; anti-HBe, antibody to hepatitis B e antigen; anti-HBs, hepatitis B surface antibody; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ClCr
clearance; ETV, entecavir; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HBeAg, hepatitis B e antigen; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HDV, hepatitis D virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IFN-α, interferon-alpha; IU, international unit; LAM, lamivudine; LdT, telbivudine; MU, million units; NA, nucleoside analogues; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; pegIFN-α, pegylated interferon-alpha; q, every; qd, daily; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; ULN, upper limit of normal
, creatinine
Source Lok AS, McMahon BJ. Chronic hepatitis B: update 2009. Hepatology. 2009;50(3):661-662.
Disclaimer
This Guideline attempts to define principles of practice that should produce high-quality patient care. It is applicable to specialists, primary care, and providers at all levels. This Guideline should not be considered exclusive of other methods of care reasonably directed at obtaining the same results. The ultimate judgment concerning the propriety of any course of conduct must be made by the clinician aſter consideration of each individual patient situation. Neither IGC, the medical associations, nor the authors endorse any product or service associated with the distributor of this clinical reference tool.
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