ÎReintroduction of TMP-SMX in HIV-positive patients with a history of more severe reactions to TMP-SMX, such as SJS or TEN, is generally contraindicated, with rare exceptions, such as treatment of a life- threatening infection, in which case the benefit of treatment outweighs the risk of a potentially life-threatening reaction. (D)
ÎAntiretroviral drugs used for highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) of HIV-infected patients may cause allergic reactions of various kinds. (C)
ÎAbacavir is the most common HAART drug to cause severe allergic reactions, and this risk is associated with the presence of HLA B 5701. (C)
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)
ÎApart from adverse reactions to aspirin, other NSAIDs, and certain pyrazolone derivatives (See Aspirin and NSAIDs below), a variety of allergic reactions to other DMARDs may occur. (C)
Immunomodulatory Agents for Autoimmune Diseases
ÎAlthough hypersensitivity reactions to several unique therapeutic agents for autoimmune diseases have already occurred, it is too early to assess the global impact of adverse events for diverse immunologic interventions in early development. (C)
Modifying Drugs for Dermatologic Diseases
ÎAllergic reactions to immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly encountered in the treatment of chronic cutaneous diseases. (C)
Perioperative Agents
ÎAnaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions during the operative and perioperative periods may be caused by induction agents, muscle- relaxing agents, opiates, antibiotics, and latex allergy. (C)
Blood and Blood Products
ÎReactions due to blood and blood products include urticaria, anaphylaxis (particularly in patients with complete IgA deficiency), anaphylactoid reactions, and Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI). (C)
Opiates
ÎOpiates and their analogs are a common cause of pseudoallergic reactions that are generally mild, are not life-threatening, and can be attenuated by preadministration of histamine1
receptor antihistamines. (C)
17
