Table 2. APGAR Score Sign
Activity (Muscle Tone)
Pulse
Grimace (Reflex Irritability)
Aura (Skin Color)
Respiration Perinatal Death
ÎNeonates born to WWE probably do not have a substantially increased risk of perinatal death (Level B).
Table 3. Potential Problem in WWE Potential Problem in WWE
Maternal premature contractions and premature labor
cesarean delivery late pregnancy bleeding
preeclampsia, pregnancy-related hypertension, spontaneous abortion, a change in seizure frequency, or status epilepticus
seizures during pregnancy
Neonatal hemorrhagic complications small for gestational age (SGA) 1-minute Apgar < 7 reduced cognition
Agent(s)
WWE + tobacco AEDs AEDs AEDs AEDs
Magnitude of Effect
hh h < 1.5
h 1.5 - 2x h < 2x ?
Level of Evidence
C B
B-C B
U Absent No Response
Blue-gray, pale all over
Absent
0 Points Absent
1 Point
< 100 bpm Grimace
Pink, except for extremities
slow, irregular
2 Points Arms and legs flexed Active Movement > 100 bpm
Sneeze, cough, pulls away
Pink over entire body
Regular, crying
Seizure-free for 9 mos before conception
AEDs AEDs AEDs AEDs CBZ VPA
PB, PHT
Strength of Recommendation A
strong evidence B moderate evidence
C U
iii ?
h h ?
no change h h
weak evidence insufficient evidence
B
U B
C U B B
C
