6
Diagnosis
Table 2c. Indications for Concomitant Open (such as Mitral
Valve) Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Recommendations COR LOE
Symptomatic
AF refractory or
intolerant to at
least one Class 1 or
3 antiarrhythmic
medication
Paroxysmal: Surgical ablation is
recommended.
1 B-R
Persistent: Surgical ablation is
recommended.
1 B-R
Long-standing persistent: Surgical
ablation is recommended.
1 B-R
Symptomatic AF
prior to initiation
of antiarrhythmic
therapy with
a Class 1 or 3
antiarrhythmic
medication
Paroxysmal: Surgical ablation is
recommended.
1 B-R
Persistent: Surgical ablation is
recommended.
1 B-R
Long-standing persistent: Surgical
ablation is recommended.
1 N-R
Table 2d. Indications for Concomitant Closed (such as CABG
and AVR) Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Recommendations COR LOE
Symptomatic
AF refractory or
intolerant to at
least one Class 1 or
3 antiarrhythmic
medication
Paroxysmal: Surgical ablation is
recommended.
1 B-NR
Persistent: Surgical ablation is
recommended.
1 B-NR
Long-standing persistent: Surgical
ablation is recommended.
1 B-NR
Symptomatic AF
prior to initiation
of antiarrhythmic
therapy with
a Class 1 or 3
antiarrhythmic
medication
Paroxysmal: Surgical ablation is
reasonable.
2A B-NR
Persistent: Surgical ablation is
reasonable.
2A B-NR
Long-standing persistent: Surgical
ablation is reasonable.
2A B-NR