Abbreviations AMP, adenosine monophosphate; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase 4; DPP-4-i, DPP-4 inhibitor; Fx's, bone fractures; GI, gastrointestinal; GIP, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide; GLP-1, glucagon- like peptide 1; GLP-1-RA, GLP-1 receptor agonist; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HF, heart failure; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MI, myocardial infarction; NPH, neutral protamine Hagedorn; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; ProACTIVE, Prospective Pioglitazone Clinical Trial in Macrovascular Events; STOP-NIDDM, Study to Prevent Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; SU, sulfonylurea; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TZD, thiazolidinedione; UKPDS, UK Prospective Diabetes Study
Source Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, Diamant M, Ferrannini E, Nauck M, Peters AL, Tsapas A, Wender R, Matthews DR. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach. Position statement of the American Diabetes Association
(ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care. 2012 Jun;35(6):1364-1379. Simultaneously published in Diabetologia. 2012 Jun; 55(6)1577-1596. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes–2012. Diabetes Care. 2012 Jan;35 Suppl 1:S11-63.
Disclaimer
This Guideline attempts to define principles of practice that should produce high-quality patient care. It is applicable to specialists, primary care, and providers at all levels. This Guideline should not be considered exclusive of other methods of care reasonably directed at obtaining the same results. The ultimate judgment concerning the propriety of any course of conduct must be made by the clinician aſter consideration of each individual patient situation. Neither IGC, the medical associations, nor the authors endorse any product or service associated with the distributor of this clinical reference tool.
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