Table 4. Summary of Efficacy of Drugs That Reduce Apo B-Containing Lipoproteins
Standard Dose:
Drug Category
Statins
Cholesterol- absorption blocker (ezetimibe)
Bile acid sequestrants
Niacin Fibrates
a
Standard Dose: LDL-C Reduction (%)
30-40b 18-25c
Estimated CHD
Reductiona (%)
30-40 18-25
High Dose: LDL-C
Reduction (%)
45-55h
High Dose: Estimated CHD
Reductiona (%)
45-55 (for more potent statins)
15-20d
10-15e 5-15f
15-20
10-15g 10-20g
20-25i 15-20j
20-25 15-20
The estimated reduction in CHD is based on clinical trial evidence that a 1% reduction in LDL-C is associated with a 1% reduction in CHD risk. However, because LDL lowering drugs also reduce VLDL-C, some of the risk reduction attributed to LDL-C lowering may be the result of a simultaneous reduction in VLDL-C.
b
Lovastatin 40 mg, pravastatin 40 mg, simvastatin 20-40 mg, fluvastatin 40-80 mg, atorvastatin 10 mg, rosuvastatin 5-10 mg. c Ezetimibe 10 mg.
d Cholestyramine 4-16 g, colestipol 5-20 g, colesevelam 2.6-3.8 g. e Extended release niacin (Niaspan) 2 g.
f Gemfibrozil 1200 mg, fenofibrate 145-200 mg.
g A portion of the reduction in CHD risk may be related to a rise in HDL. h Simvastatin 80 mg, atorvastatin 80 mg, rosuvastatin 40 mg. i Cholestyramine 24 g, colestipol 30 g, colesevelam 4.4 g. j Crystalline nicotinic acid 4.5 g.
