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Atrial Fibrillation

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12 Introduction Table 3. Risk Factors for Diagnosed AF Condition Study type Effect on risk of AF Cardiovascular disease HF or coronary artery disease (CAD) • Single study • HF or CAD: population attributable fraction 5.4% HF • Single studies • HF: risk but population attributable fraction d over time 7.8%–1.4% • Bidirectional relation between AF and HF • MA • History of HF: risk HR, 2.02 • MR • Genetically predicted HF: risk (OR, 1.86) CAD • Single study • Myocardial infarction (MI): Population attributable fraction 3.6% • MA • History of MI: (HR, 1.64) • MR • Genetically predicted CAD: (OR, 1.18) Valvular heart disease (VHD) • Single studies • Significant heart murmur: risk (HR, 2.38) • Significant heart murmur (any diastolic and grade ≥3/6 systolic murmur): risk, population attributable fraction 21.9% d over time to 3.1% • MR • Genetically predicted risk of AF in individuals of European ancestry: associated with VHD with rheumatic fever, (OR, 1.26) and nonrheumatic VHD, (OR, 1.27) Cardiac surgery • Single study • Multicenter validated risk prediction model: risk AF after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) • SR/MA • Postop AF incidence: 23.7%–25.5% of cardiac surgery patients (cont'd)

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