4
Introduction
Note: The numbering of the following tables and figures may differ from that of
the Clinical Practice Guideline.
Colors in tables and figures correspond to Class of Recommendations and
Level of Evidence tables on pages 130–131.
Figure 1. Temporal Trends in Counts and Age-Standardized
Rates of AF-Prevalent Cases by Social
Demographic Index (SDI) Quintile for Both Sexes
Combined, 1990 to 2017
Trends in counts of AF-prevalent cases by Social Demographic Index quintile, 1990 to 2017.
SDI was made up of the geometric mean of three common indicators: the lag distributed
income per capita, mean educational achievement for those aged 15 y or older, and total
fertility rate under 25 y. SDI ranged from 0 to 1, where 0 represents the theoretical minimum
level of development, whereas 1 represents the theoretical maximum level of development.
Modified from Dai H, et al. by permission of Oxford University Press on behalf of the
European Society of Cardiolog y. Copyright 2020, Oxford University Press.
