107
Signs and Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment
Chest pain, pain with swallowing,
fever, stroke symptoms
CT scan of chest Surgery
Hypotension Echocardiography Pericardiocentesis
Neurological findings MRI or CT scan Anticoagulate when safe
Dyspnea, hemoptysis MRI or CT Scan Stent
Dyspnea Fluoroscopy Time
Pain, swelling at access site Ultrasound or CT scan Observation
Pain and swelling at access site Ultrasound or CT scan Surgery
Cough, fever Chest x-ray Antibiotics
8.6. Surgical Ablation
COR LOE
Recommendations
2a B-R 1. For patients with AF who are undergoing cardiac surgery,
concomitant surgical ablation can be beneficial to reduce the
risk of recurrent AF.
2a B-NR 2. In patients undergoing surgical ablation, anticoagulation
therapy is reasonable for at least 3 months after the procedure
to reduce the risk of stroke or systemic embolism.
2b B-R 3. For patients with symptomatic, persistent AF refractory to
AAD therapy, a hybrid epicardial and endocardial ablation
might be reasonable to reduce the risk of recurrent atrial
arrhythmia.
