45
Table 18. Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Routine Follow-Up and
Testing Intervals
Type of Follow-Up
or Testing
Physiological
Stage A*
†
(mo)
Physiological
Stage B*
†
(mo)
Physiological
Stage C* (mo)
Physiological
Stage D* (mo)
Outpatient ACHD
cardiologist
36–60 12–60 6–12 3–6
Electrocardiogram 36–60 12–60
12 12
Transthoracic
echocardiogram
36–60
12–60
12 12
Modified with permission from Stout et al. Copyright © 2018 American Heart Association, Inc.
and American College of Cardiolog y Foundation.
* See Section 2.2 for details on the ACHD anatomic and physiological classification system.
†
Stage A patients who had closure of their PDA during infancy without residual shunt,
chamber dilation, or complications can likely be discharged from cardiolog y care or be seen
on an as-needed basis.
‡
Stage B patients with a PDA and a hemodynamically insignificant shunt who have normal
chamber size without pulmonary hypertension can be seen every 36 to 60 months. Patients
with ventricular dilation, dysfunction, or arrhythmia should be seen more frequently.
ACHD indicates adult congenital heart disease; and PDA, patent ductus arteriosus.
4.2.1. Cor Triatriatum Sinister
COR LOE
Recommendations
Diagnostic
2a B-NR
1. In adults with unrepaired cor triatriatum sinister,
transesophageal echocardiography and/or cross-sectional
imaging can be useful to identify the size and location of the
membrane orifice and to assess for the presence of associated
congenital cardiac defects.
2a B-NR
2. In adults with repaired cor triatriatum sinister and symptoms
compatible with recurrent membrane obstruction, it is
reasonable to evaluate for the presence of residual congenital
cardiac defects, including pulmonary vein stenosis.
4.2. Left-Sided Lesions
