Treatment
DASH Dietary Pattern
The 1997 "dietary approaches to stop hypertension" (DASH) is a diet
pattern promoted by the U.S. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute,
primarily to treat high blood pressure.
Encouraged Considerations
• Vegetables, fruits, and
whole grains
• Fat-free or low-fat dairy
products
• Fish, poultry, and lean meats
• Nuts, seeds, and legumes
• Fiber and the minerals
calcium, potassium, and
magnesium
• Limit sodium: 1,500–2,300 mg per day
• Limit total fat: ~27% of total daily calories
• Limit saturated fat: <6% of total daily
calories
• Limit cholesterol: <150 mg per day for a
2,100-calorie eating plan
• Avoid red and processed meats
• Avoid sugar-sweetened beverages
• Avoid foods with added sugars
• Avoid alcohol
Ornish Dietary Pattern
The Ornish dietary pattern is illustrative of a very low-fat restriction.
Encouraged Discouraged
• Foods are best eaten in their
natural form
• Vegetables, fruits, whole
grains, and legumes
• One serving of a soy product
each day
• Limited amounts of green tea
• Fish oil 3–4 grams each day
• Small meals eaten frequently
throughout the day
• Limit dietary fat: <10% of total daily calories
• Limit dietary cholesterol: <10 mg per day
• Limit sugar, sodium, and alcohol
• Avoid animal products (red meat, poultry,
and f ish) and caffeine (except green tea)
• Avoid foods with trans fatty acids,
including vegetable shortening, stick
margarines, and commercially prepared
foods, such as f rostings; cake, cookie, and
biscuit mixes; crackers and microwave
popcorn; and deep-f ried foods
• Avoid ref ined carbohydrates and oils
