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Pediatric Obesity

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Prevention 7 Î ES suggests that clinicians promote and participate in the ongoing healthy dietary and activity education of children and adolescents, parents, and communities, and encourage schools to provide adequate education about healthy eating. (2|⊕ ) Î ES recommends that clinicians prescribe and support healthy eating habits such as: • avoiding the consumption of calorie-dense, nutrient-poor foods (e.g., sugar- sweetened beverages, sports drinks, fruit drinks, most "fast foods" or those with added table sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, high-fat or high-sodium processed foods, and calorie-dense snacks) • encouraging the consumption of whole fruits rather than fruit juices. (1|⊕⊕ ) Î ES recommends that children and adolescents engage in at least 20 minutes, optimally 60 minutes, of vigorous physical activity ≥5 days per week to improve metabolic health and reduce the likelihood of developing obesity. (1|⊕⊕ ) Î ES suggests fostering healthy sleep patterns in children and adolescents to decrease the likelihood of developing obesity due to changes in caloric intake and metabolism related to disordered sleep. (2|⊕⊕ ) Î ES recommends balancing unavoidable technology-related screen time in children and adolescents with increased opportunities for physical activity. (1|⊕⊕ ) Î ES suggests that a clinician's obesity prevention efforts enlist the entire family rather than only the individual patient. (2|⊕ ) Î ES suggests that clinicians assess family function and make appropriate referrals to address family stressors to decrease the development of obesity. (2|⊕⊕ ) Î ES suggests using school-based programs and community engagement in pediatric obesity prevention. (2|⊕⊕ ) Î ES recommends using comprehensive behavior-changing interventions to prevent obesity. Such programs would be integrated with school- or community-based programs to reach the widest audience. (1|⊕⊕ ) Î ES recommends breast-feeding in infants based on numerous health benefits. However, we can only suggest breast-feeding for the prevention of obesity, as evidence supporting the association between breast-feeding and subsequent obesity is inconsistent. (2|⊕ )

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