Figure 1. Preoperative and Intraoperative Diagnosis of PJI
������ Sinus tract or persistent wound drainage
������ Acute onset of prosthesis pain
������ Chronic painful prosthesis
Orthopedic
referral
������ History and physical exam
������ Plain film of prosthesis
������ Sedimentation rate and CRP
������ Blood culturesa
Infection
suspected
Arthrocentesis
������ Cell count
������ Differential
������ Aerobic and anaerobic culture
Infection suspected
or confirmed and
surgery planned
No infection
suspected
STOP
No infection
suspected
STOP
������ Intraoperative inspectiona
������ Histopathology
������ 3 to six cultures OR ultrasonicate
of prosthesisa
a
See full text guidelines for details, definitions
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