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Hoarseness

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11 Table 6. Documented Side Effects of short and Long-term Steroid Therapy • Lipodystrophy • Hypertension • Cardiovascular disease • Cerebrovascular disease • Osteoporosis • Impaired wound healing • Myopathy • Cataracts • Peptic ulcers • Infection • Mood disorder • Ophthalmologic disorders • Skin disorders and alopecia • Menstrual disorders, and hormonal changes • Avascular necrosis (femur, humerus, long bones) • Pancreatitis • Diabetogenesis Treatment Table 7. Preventive Measures What is dysphonia? Altered vocal quality, pitch, loudness, or vocal effort that impairs communication as assessed by a clinician and/or affects quality of life. Who is at greatest risk for developing dysphonia (hoarseness)? Individuals who professionally use their voices such as singers, teachers, and call-center operators, certain age groups, including children, older persons and smokers. What preventive measures can help reduce voice disorders? ings to DO ings to AVOID 1. Adequately hydrate by drinking water daily. 2. Use of amplification in large noisy spaces can help reduce voice strain. 3. Rest your voice briefly to prevent voice fatigue, straining, and overuse. 4. Provide indoor air humidification in dry, arid environments. 1. Smoking and second-hand smoke from cigarettes, cigars, and pipes that can irritate your airway, throat, nose, and mouth. 2. Overusing or straining your voice by yelling, shouting, speaking over loud noises, and whispering. 3. Excessive throat clearing and coughing. 4. Alcohol and caffeine consumption as they can dry the throat resulting in mucous thickening. 5. Use of drying medications. Patient Information

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