Levels of Evidence According to Study Design
Grade
Definition
I
II-1
II-2
Randomized controlled trials
Controlled trials without randomization
Cohort or case control analytic studies
II-3
Multiple time series
Dramatic uncontrolled experiments
Opinion of respected experts
Descriptive epidemiology
III
Abbreviations
AFP, alpha fetoprotein; ALF, acute liver failure; Bx, biopsy; CPP, cerebral perfusion
pressure; CT, computerized tomography; CVVHD, continuous venovenous hemodialysis;
DILI, Drug Induced Liver Injury; Dx, diagnosis; FFP, fresh frozen plasma; GI,
gastrointestinal; gm/day, grams per day; gm/kg, grams per kilogram; H2, histamine-2;
HBV, hepatitis b virus; HELLP, Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, Low Platelets
syndrome; ICH, intracranial hypertension; ICP, intracranial pressure; ICU, intensive
care unit; INR, international normalized ratio; IU/L, international units per liter; MAP,
mean arterial pressure; MELD, Model for End-stage Liver Disease; mg/dL, milligrams per
deciliter; mg/kg, milligrams per kilogram; NA, nucleoside/nucleotide analogue; NAC,
N-acetylcysteine; OLT, orthotopic liver transplantation; OTC, over the counter; PPI,
proton pump inhibitors; rFVIIa, recombinant activated factor VII; Rx, treatment; SIRS,
systemic inflammatory response syndrome; SQ, subcutaneous; US ALFSG, United States
Acute Liver Failure Study Group
Source
Lee WM, Larson AM, Stravitz RT. AASLD position paper: the management of
acute liver failure: update 2011. Hepatol. 2011; available at: http://www.aasld.org/
practiceguidelines/Documents/AcuteLiverFailureUpdate2011.pdf
Disclaimer
This Guideline attempts to define principles of practice that should produce high-quality patient
care. It is applicable to specialists, primary care, and providers at all levels. This Guideline
should not be considered exclusive of other methods of care reasonably directed at obtaining the
same results. The ultimate judgment concerning the propriety of any course of conduct must be
made by the clinician after consideration of each individual patient situation.
Neither IGC, the medical associations, nor the authors endorse any product or service associated
with the distributor of this clinical reference tool.
ACU10122c
5740 Executive Drive��� Suite 218
Baltimore, MD 21228���
TEL: 410-869-3332��� ������ FAX: 410-744-2150���
For additional copies: orders@GuidelineCentral.com
Copyright �� 2012 All rights reserved
